Human Parainfluenza Virus: HPIV
(Pediatrics Center) article author : Wankwan Ak-kayakul, M.D. 2026-06-18 08:56:00
HIGHLIGHTS :
- Common respiratory virus affecting children and adults
- Most common during the rainy season (June–October)
- Incubation period: 2–6 days
- Causes cold-like symptoms, croup, bronchitis, and pneumonia
- Higher risk in children under 5, older adults, and people with asthma
- No vaccine available—hand hygiene and avoiding crowds help prevent infection
Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV)
Types: HPIV-1 | HPIV-2 | HPIV-3 | HPIV-4
How is it transmitted?
- Through respiratory droplets (e.g., coughing, sneezing)
- Through direct contact with respiratory secretions or contaminated surfaces
Peak Season
- Commonly spreads during the rainy season
- June – October
Incubation Period
- 2–6 days
Common Symptoms
Mild cold-like symptoms
- Runny nose
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Low-grade fever
Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
- Barking cough
- Hoarse voice
-
Bronchitis
-
Pneumonia
High-Risk Groups
- Children under 5 years old
- Adults over 65 years old
- Individuals with asthma
Treatment and Prevention
- No specific antiviral treatment available
- No vaccine currently available
- Wash hands frequently
- Avoid crowded places
When to Seek Medical Care
- High fever
- Noisy breathing / stridor
- Difficulty breathing
- Slow breathing with abnormal breathing sounds
- Fatigue or weakness
- Drowsiness or decreased responsiveness
- Poor appetite or reduced food intake
Acknowledgements
Dr. Wankwan Aukkhayakul
Pediatric Pulmonology (Pediatric Respiratory Medicine) Specialist
Hospital Articles
